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La edad de las rocas
Si la edad de las rocas no se ‘conocieran’ de antemano, ¿se obtendrían resultados coherentes por datación radioactiva?
Creation 24 (4), 2002
Recientemente, llevé a cabo una excursión geológica en el área de Townsville, North Queensland, Australia. Existe una guía geológica ,
¹ preparada por dos geólogos de la oficinas de gobierno.
El apéndice de esta guía explica ‘el tiempo geológico, y la edad de las rocas’. Describe como los geólogos usan la ‘relación de campo’ para determinar las edades relativas de las rocas. También dice que las edades ‘actuales’ son medidas por datación radio-métrica, una técnica cara usada en laboratorios modernos. La guía describe un número de métodos radio-métricos y declara que, ‘para muestras adecuadas, los errores debidos a la datación radio-métrica usualmente resulta en un porcentaje de los resultados del fechado. Esto es…un resultado de 200 millones de años se espera ser bastante cercano (alrededor de, quizás, 4 millones) de la verdadera edad’.
Esto da la impresión que la datación radio-métrica es muy precisa y confiable, una impresión aceptada en general. No obstante, el apéndice concluye con está declaración: ‘También, las edades relativas (de los resultados del fechado radio-métrico) deben siempre ser consistentes con la evidencia geológica… si existe una contradicción, entonces la causa del error necesita ser establecida, o los resultados deben rechazarse’.
Esto es, exactamente, lo que nuestro artículo principal (‘La forma que verdaderamente es’ ) explica. La datación radio-métrica solamente es aceptada si ésta concuerda con la creencia o presuposición de lo que la ‘edad’ debería ser.
La geología de Townsville está dominada por un número de prominentes colinas y montes de granito. No obstante, estas están aisladas unas de otras, y al área le falta un estrato sedimentario suficiente. Por tanto, no podemos determinar una ‘relación de campo’ y, consecuentemente, determinar que colinas son más antiguas, o más recientes. De hecho, el factor limitante en las edades es tal, que es muy grande el rango de posibilidades.
Nosotros esperamos que la datación radio-métrica, considerada tan ‘precisa’, resolvería esa situación proveyendo fechas exactas para esas colinas. Aparentemente, no es así.
Considerando la subestructura de roca volcánica en el área, dice la guía, ‘la fecha exacta permanece incierta’. En relación al Pico Frederick, un filón anular de reolita en el área, la guía dice:’la edad de emplazamiento es incierta’. Y para la Colina del Castillo (Castle Hill), una elevación prominente en la ciudad de Townsville, la guía dice: ’La edad del granito no está confirmada’.
No hay duda, el método de datación radio-métrica se ha llevado a cabo, y las edades ‘precisas’ se han obtenido. Pero, parece que no han sido aceptadas porque no tienen sentido.
Referencias
1. Trezise, D.L. y Stephenson, P.J., Rocks and landscapes of the Townsville district (Rocas y paisajes del distrito de Townsville) , Departamento de Recursos Industriales, Queensland, 1990.